Incorporating historical control data into the design and analysis of clinical trials

Incorporating historical control data into the design and analysis of clinical trials

A standard two-arm randomised controlled trial usually compares a novel treatment to a standard of care. Patients are randomised 1:1 to each treatment and the analysis is based only on patients within the current trial. While historical data is often used informally to design trials, in choosing endpoints and forming the basis of sample size calculations, only recently has it been considered fo...

the analysis of the role of the speech acts theory in translating and dubbing hollywood films

از محوری ترین اثراتی که یک فیلم سینمایی ایجاد می کند دیالوگ هایی است که هنرپیش گان فیلم میگویند. به زعم یک فیلم ساز, یک شیوه متأثر نمودن مخاطب از اثر منظوره نیروی گفتارهای گوینده, مثل نیروی عاطفی, ترس آور, غم انگیز, هیجان انگیز و غیره, است. این مطالعه به بررسی این مسأله مبادرت کرده است که آیا نیروی فراگفتاری هنرپیش گان به مثابه ی اعمال گفتاری در پنج فیلم هالیوودی در نسخه های دوبله شده باز تولید...

the stady and analysis of rice agroclimatology in lenjan

the west of esfahan province, iran, is one of the most important agricultural areas throughout the country due to the climate variability and life-giving water of zayanderood river. rice is one of the major and economic crops in this area. the most important climatic elements in agricultural activities which should be considered include temperature, relative humidity, precipitation and wind. so...

Incorporating genomics into breast cancer clinical trials and care.

Advances in DNA sequencing provide the potential for clinical assays that are timely and affordable and use small amounts of clinical material. The hypothesis has therefore been raised that marked improvements in patient outcomes will result when DNA diagnostics are matched to an armamentarium of targeted agents. While this may be partially true, much of the novel biology uncovered by recent se...

Symptom-specific reflective functioning: incorporating psychoanalytic measures into clinical trials.